:root {
  /* ============================================
     COLOR SYSTEM - Refined Hierarchy & Clarity
     Organized by semantic roles for better maintainability
     ============================================ */
  
  /* ============================================
     BASE PALETTE - Brand colors (unchanged)
     ============================================ */
  --color-primary: #061E29;      /* Deep navy - primary brand color */
  --color-secondary: #1D546D;     /* Medium blue - secondary brand color */
  --color-accent: #5F9598;       /* Teal accent - interactive elements */
  --color-light: #F3F4F4;        /* Light gray - light backgrounds */
  
  /* ============================================
     BACKGROUND ROLES - Page and section backgrounds
     ============================================ */
  --bg-base: #F3F4F4;             /* Main page background (light) */
  --bg-dark: #061E29;             /* Dark section backgrounds */
  --bg-medium: #1D546D;           /* Medium section backgrounds */
  --bg-light: #F3F4F4;            /* Light section backgrounds (alias for consistency) */
  
  /* ============================================
     SURFACE ROLES - Elevated elements (cards, panels)
     Improved separation from backgrounds through subtle contrast
     ============================================ */
  --surface-base: #FFFFFF;        /* Pure white for maximum card contrast */
  --surface-elevated: #FFFFFF;    /* Elevated surfaces (cards on light bg) */
  --surface-overlay: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95); /* Overlay surfaces (glass effect) */
  --surface-subtle: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);  /* Subtle surfaces (principles) */
  --surface-dark: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.05);        /* Dark surfaces on light bg */
  --surface-on-dark: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.08); /* Surfaces on dark backgrounds */
  
  /* ============================================
     TEXT ROLES - Typography hierarchy
     WCAG AA+ compliant contrast ratios
     ============================================ */
  --text-primary: #061E29;        /* Primary text (highest contrast) */
  --text-secondary: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.8);  /* Secondary text (body copy) */
  --text-muted: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.7);      /* Muted text (supporting info) */
  --text-quiet: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.55);     /* Quiet text (labels, hints) */
  
  /* Text on dark backgrounds */
  --text-on-dark: #F3F4F4;        /* Primary text on dark */
  --text-on-dark-secondary: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.9);  /* Secondary on dark */
  --text-on-dark-muted: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.75);     /* Muted on dark */
  
  /* Legacy aliases for backward compatibility */
  --text-muted-light: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.9);
  --text-muted-dark: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.6);
  
  /* ============================================
     ACCENT ROLES - Interactive and emphasis colors
     Enhanced for better CTA emphasis without saturation increase
     ============================================ */
  --accent-base: #5F9598;         /* Base accent color */
  --accent-hover: #4a7a7d;        /* Hover state (darker for depth) */
  --accent-active: #3d6568;        /* Active/pressed state */
  --accent-focus: #6ba5a8;         /* Focus state (slightly lighter for visibility) */
  
  /* Accent backgrounds - for subtle emphasis */
  --accent-bg-subtle: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.08);   /* Very subtle accent backgrounds */
  --accent-bg-light: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.12);    /* Light accent backgrounds */
  --accent-bg-medium: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);     /* Medium accent backgrounds */
  
  /* Legacy aliases */
  --accent: #5F9598;
  --accent-light: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1);
  --accent-lighter: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.05);
  
  /* ============================================
     FOCUS ROLES - Accessibility and interaction feedback
     High contrast for WCAG compliance
     ============================================ */
  --focus-ring: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4);          /* Focus ring color (40% opacity for visibility) */
  --focus-ring-width: 3px;                         /* Focus ring width */
  --focus-ring-offset: 2px;                        /* Focus ring offset */
  
  /* Form validation states */
  --state-success: #28a745;                        /* Success state (green) */
  --state-success-bg: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.1);       /* Success background */
  --state-error: #dc3545;                          /* Error state (red) */
  --state-error-bg: rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.1);        /* Error background */
  --state-warning: #ffc107;                        /* Warning state (amber) */
  
  /* ============================================
     QUIET ROLES - Subtle elements (borders, dividers, backgrounds)
     Refined for better hierarchy without visual noise
     ============================================ */
  --quiet-border: rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.15);         /* Primary quiet border (refined opacity) */
  --quiet-border-light: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.25); /* Quiet border on dark bg */
  --quiet-border-subtle: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08);    /* Very subtle borders */
  --quiet-bg: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.03);               /* Quiet background (subtle) */
  --quiet-bg-hover: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.05);        /* Quiet background hover */
  
  /* Legacy border aliases */
  --border-color: rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.2);
  --border-light: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.2);
  --border-dark: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.1);
  
  /* ============================================
     CARD UTILITY CLASSES - Shared patterns for card components
     Reduces duplication while maintaining component-specific styles
     ============================================ */
  
  /* Card Surface Base - Common surface styling */
  --card-surface-bg: var(--surface-base);
  --card-surface-border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);
  --card-surface-radius: 20px;
  --card-surface-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  
  /* Card Hover Elevation - Standard lift effect */
  --card-hover-translate: translateY(-3px);
  --card-hover-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover);
  
  /* Card Hover Accent - Border emphasis on hover */
  --card-hover-border: var(--accent-base);
  
  /* ============================================
     IMAGE STYLING SYSTEM - Premium consulting brand image treatment
     Ensures images support content without overpowering text
     ============================================ */
  
  /* Image Frame Base - Subtle, professional styling */
  --image-frame-radius: 12px;
  --image-frame-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08), 0 2px 6px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.04);
  --image-frame-shadow-hover: 0 8px 24px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.12), 0 4px 12px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.06);
  
  /* Image Gradient Overlay - Optional brand color overlay */
  --image-overlay-gradient: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.15) 0%, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.1) 100%);
  --image-overlay-gradient-subtle: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.08) 0%, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.05) 100%);
  
  /* Image Muted - Placeholder styling (reduced contrast, desaturated) */
  --image-muted-filter: grayscale(60%) contrast(0.85) brightness(0.95);
  --image-muted-opacity: 0.7;
  
  /* ============================================
     SHADOW SYSTEM - Depth and elevation
     Refined for better card separation
     ============================================ */
  --shadow-sm: 0 2px 8px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.12);
  --shadow-lg: 0 8px 24px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.16);
  --shadow-xl: 0 12px 40px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.2);
  --shadow-accent: 0 8px 24px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.25);
  
  /* Card-specific shadows for better separation */
  --shadow-card: 0 4px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08), 0 2px 6px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.04);
  --shadow-card-hover: 0 20px 56px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.14), 0 8px 20px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08);
  --shadow-card-hover-alt: 0 16px 48px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.12), 0 8px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08);
  --shadow-card-elevated: 0 4px 20px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.1);
  
  /* ============================================
     SPACING SCALE - Refined for better rhythm
     ============================================ */
  --max-width: 1200px;
  --spacing-xs: 8px;      /* Minimal spacing (0.5rem) */
  --spacing-sm: 16px;     /* Small spacing (1rem) */
  --spacing-md: 32px;     /* Medium spacing (2rem) */
  --spacing-lg: 64px;     /* Large spacing (4rem) */
  --spacing-xl: 96px;     /* Extra large spacing (6rem) - refined from 120px */
  --spacing-xxl: 128px;   /* Extra extra large (8rem) - for major section breaks */
  
  /* Motion System - Standardized easing curves */
  /* Using Material Design standard easing (cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)) */
  --ease-standard: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --ease-decelerate: cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --ease-accelerate: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 1, 1);
  --ease-sharp: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.6, 1);
  
  /* Timing - Standardized durations */
  --duration-fast: 200ms;
  --duration-normal: 300ms;
  --duration-slow: 400ms;
  --duration-slower: 600ms;
  
  /* Bootstrap Overrides */
  --bs-primary: #5F9598;
  --bs-primary-rgb: 95, 149, 152;
  --bs-secondary: #1D546D;
  --bs-secondary-rgb: 29, 84, 109;
  --bs-dark: #061E29;
  --bs-dark-rgb: 6, 30, 41;
}

* { 
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

body {
  font-family: 'Inter', system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
  background: var(--bg-base);  /* Use semantic background variable */
  color: var(--text-primary);
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm for body text */
  line-height: 1.75;
  font-size: 16px;
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability in long paragraphs */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* ============================================
   LINKS - Enhanced Micro-interactions
   ============================================ */

a { 
  color: inherit; 
  text-decoration: none;
  /* Standardized transition */
  transition: color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              background-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate);
  /* Smooth color transitions */
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* Focus state for accessibility */
a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.container {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 28px;
}

.container.narrow { 
  max-width: 760px; 
}

/* Typography */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-weight: 700;
  /* Base line-height refined for better hierarchy */
  line-height: 1.2;
  /* Consistent top margin prevents unwanted spacing */
  margin-top: 0;
  /* Base bottom margin - individual headings override for specific spacing */
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* ============================================
   TYPOGRAPHY HIERARCHY - Refined for clarity and rhythm
   ============================================ */

/* Typography Scale - Refined Modular Scale (1.333 - Perfect Fourth) */
h1 {
  font-size: clamp(40px, 5.5vw, 64px);
  font-weight: 700;
  /* Tighter line-height for large display text creates better visual weight */
  line-height: 1.08;
  /* Slightly tighter letter-spacing for large serif headings improves cohesion */
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  /* Increased bottom margin creates clear separation from following content */
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

h2 {
  font-size: clamp(36px, 4.5vw, 48px);
  /* Refined line-height: slightly tighter for better visual hierarchy vs H1 */
  line-height: 1.12;
  /* Subtle negative letter-spacing maintains elegance without being too tight */
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  font-weight: 700;
  /* Intentional spacing: creates clear section breaks */
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

h3 {
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.5vw, 36px);
  /* Slightly more relaxed line-height for subheadings improves readability */
  line-height: 1.28;
  /* Neutral letter-spacing for mid-level headings */
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  font-weight: 700;
  /* Proportional spacing maintains rhythm */
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

h4 {
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.5vw, 28px);
  /* More relaxed line-height for smaller headings improves readability */
  line-height: 1.35;
  /* Neutral letter-spacing for smaller headings */
  letter-spacing: 0;
  font-weight: 700;
  /* Proportional spacing maintains hierarchy */
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.lead {
  font-size: clamp(18px, 2vw, 22px);
  /* Refined line-height: 1.65 provides optimal reading rhythm for lead text */
  line-height: 1.65;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text-secondary);  /* Use secondary text role for better hierarchy */
  /* Slightly increased letter-spacing improves readability in larger text */
  letter-spacing: 0.015em;
  /* Increased margin creates clear separation from body text */
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

p {
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm for body paragraphs */
  line-height: 1.75;
  /* Increased paragraph spacing improves readability in long-form content */
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability without being noticeable */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

/* ============================================
   BUTTONS - Enhanced International-Grade Interactions
   ============================================ */

/* Primary Button - Enhanced CTA emphasis through depth, not saturation */
.btn-primary {
  background-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
  border-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
  color: var(--text-on-dark) !important;
  font-weight: 500;
  position: relative;
  /* Standardized transition using motion system */
  transition: background-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              border-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate),
              box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  /* Initial shadow for depth - creates emphasis without saturation */
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm), 0 0 0 0 rgba(95, 149, 152, 0);
  /* Prevent layout shift on hover */
  will-change: transform, box-shadow;
}

/* Hover state - Enhanced emphasis through depth and shadow, not color intensity */
.btn-primary:hover {
  background-color: var(--accent-hover) !important;
  border-color: var(--accent-hover) !important;
  /* Enhanced lift with realistic shadow progression */
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  /* Multi-layer shadow for depth realism - creates emphasis without saturation increase */
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.35),
              0 4px 12px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.25),
              0 0 0 0 rgba(95, 149, 152, 0);
}

/* Focus state - High-contrast ring for accessibility */
.btn-primary:focus {
  /* Maintain hover transform if present */
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  /* Accessible focus ring using focus role variable (WCAG AA compliant) */
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-width) var(--focus-ring),
              var(--shadow-md),
              0 4px 16px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3) !important;
  outline: 2px solid transparent; /* Remove default outline */
  outline-offset: var(--focus-ring-offset);
}

/* Active state - Pressed feedback */
.btn-primary:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  transition-duration: var(--duration-fast); /* Faster feedback */
}

/* Outline Primary Button - Enhanced interaction */
.btn-outline-primary {
  color: var(--color-accent) !important;
  border-color: var(--color-accent) !important;
  background-color: transparent !important;
  font-weight: 500;
  position: relative;
  transition: background-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              border-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate),
              box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(95, 149, 152, 0);
  will-change: transform, box-shadow;
}

.btn-outline-primary:hover {
  background-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
  border-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
  color: var(--text-on-dark) !important;
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  /* Enhanced shadow on hover */
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3),
              0 2px 8px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);
}

.btn-outline-primary:focus {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4),
              var(--shadow-sm),
              0 2px 8px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2) !important;
  outline: 2px solid transparent;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.btn-outline-primary:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(95, 149, 152, 0);
  transition-duration: var(--duration-fast);
}

/* Secondary Button Focus - Enhanced accessibility */
.btn-secondary:focus {
  outline: 3px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.5);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);
}

.btn-secondary:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
  transition-duration: var(--duration-fast);
}

/* NAV - Refined Professional Navigation */
.navbar.site-header {
  background: rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.98) !important;
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.08);
  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.05) inset, 0 4px 24px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.12);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
  padding: 16px 0;
}

.navbar.site-header.scrolled {
  padding: 12px 0;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15);
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link {
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  padding: 10px 16px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  position: relative;
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 6px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%) scaleX(0);
  width: 4px;
  height: 4px;
  background: var(--color-accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.08);
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover::after {
  transform: translateX(-50%) scaleX(1);
}

/* Active nav state - Current section indicator */
.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link.active {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.12);
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link.active::after {
  transform: translateX(-50%) scaleX(1);
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  background: var(--color-accent);
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link.nav-cta {
  border: 1.5px solid var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-accent);
  margin-left: 12px;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link.nav-cta::after {
  display: none;
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-nav .nav-link.nav-cta:hover {
  background: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-toggler {
  border-color: var(--border-light);
}

.navbar.site-header .navbar-toggler-icon {
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='rgba%28243, 244, 244, 0.85%29' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
}

.header-inner {
  height: 80px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}

.brand { 
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

.nav a {
  margin-left: 24px;
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  padding: 8px 12px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.nav a:hover {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.1);
}

.nav-cta {
  padding: 10px 20px !important;
  border: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-accent) !important;
  margin-left: 16px !important;
}

.nav-cta:hover {
  background: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--text-on-dark) !important;
}

/* HERO */
.hero {
  min-height: 100vh;
  max-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--bg-dark) 0%, var(--color-secondary) 100%);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 80px 0 48px; /* Reduced bottom padding for tighter flow */
}

/* ============================================
   HERO BACKGROUND SYSTEM
   Grouped by responsibility: decorative gradients, image overlays, ambient shapes
   ============================================ */

/* 1. DECORATIVE GRADIENTS - Radial gradient overlays for depth */
.hero::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: 
    radial-gradient(circle at 20% 30%, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2) 0%, transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 80% 70%, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.25) 0%, transparent 60%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1) 0%, transparent 70%);
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* 2. IMAGE OVERLAYS - Background image with gradient overlay */
/* 
  PRODUCTION IMAGE REQUIREMENTS - Hero Background:
  - Aspect Ratio: 16:9 (1920×1080px recommended for full-width coverage)
  - Theme: Executive workshops, strategic planning sessions, institutional environments
  - Avoid: Generic stock photography, overly staged corporate scenes
  - Image Processing: Will be heavily desaturated (grayscale 100%), darkened (brightness 0.25),
    and reduced contrast (0.85) at 12% opacity to ensure text hierarchy is maintained.
  - The image serves as subtle texture supporting the headline, not competing with it.
*/
.hero-image-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  z-index: 0;
}

.hero-bg-image {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  /* Reduced contrast to ensure background supports, not competes with headline */
  opacity: 0.12;
  filter: grayscale(100%) brightness(0.25) contrast(0.85);
}

.hero-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  /* Subtle brand color gradient overlay - maintains text contrast while supporting imagery */
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, 
    rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.88) 0%, 
    rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.82) 50%,
    rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.78) 100%
  );
  z-index: 1;
}

/* 3. AMBIENT SHAPES - Decorative blurred shapes for visual interest */
.hero-background {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  z-index: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-shape {
  position: absolute;
  border-radius: 50%;
  backdrop-filter: blur(40px);
  transform: translateZ(0); /* GPU acceleration */
}

.hero-shape-1 {
  width: 400px;
  height: 400px;
  top: -100px;
  left: -100px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.15) 0%, transparent 70%);
}

.hero-shape-2 {
  width: 300px;
  height: 300px;
  top: 30%;
  right: -50px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.2) 0%, transparent 70%);
}

.hero-shape-3 {
  width: 250px;
  height: 250px;
  bottom: 10%;
  left: 10%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.12) 0%, transparent 70%);
}

.hero-shape-4 {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  top: 60%;
  right: 20%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.15) 0%, transparent 70%);
}

.hero-shape-5 {
  width: 350px;
  height: 350px;
  bottom: -150px;
  right: -150px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1) 0%, transparent 70%);
}

/* Hero Wrapper - Bootstrap Grid Compatible */
.hero-wrapper {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  min-height: calc(100vh - 160px);
}

.hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.hero-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 5.5vw, 56px);
  font-weight: 700;
  /* Refined line-height: tighter for hero impact */
  line-height: 1.1;
  /* Subtle negative letter-spacing maintains elegance in large hero text */
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  /* Increased spacing creates clear separation from hero subhead */
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.title-line {
  display: inline-block;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out;
}

.title-line:nth-child(2) {
  animation-delay: 0.2s;
  animation-fill-mode: both;
}

@keyframes fadeInUp {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

.hero-subhead {
  font-size: 18px;
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  max-width: 600px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.7 provides optimal reading rhythm for hero subhead */
  line-height: 1.7;
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability in larger subhead text */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  /* Increased spacing creates clear separation from CTA button */
  margin-bottom: 40px;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out 0.4s both;
}

.hero-cta {
  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out 0.6s both;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.hero-micro {
  margin-top: 20px;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #ffffff; /* ← change this */
  opacity: 0.85;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s ease-out 0.8s both;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

/* Hero Micro Features - Enhanced three-point display */
.hero-micro-features {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 24px;
  margin-top: 8px;
  align-items: center;
}

.hero-micro-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  cursor: default;
  padding: 4px 0;
}

.hero-micro-item:hover {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.hero-micro-icon {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
  color: var(--accent-base);
  opacity: 0.7;
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.hero-micro-item:hover .hero-micro-icon {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: scale(1.1);
  color: var(--accent-base);
}

.hero-micro-text {
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

/* Industry Icons */
/* Hero Industries Section - REMOVED: Industry floating icons section removed for simplified hero */
/* All related styles (.hero-industries, .industry-icon, etc.) are no longer needed */

/* Hero Visual Images */
.hero-visual {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.hero-image-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 20px;
  height: 100%;
  position: relative;
}

/* 
  PRODUCTION IMAGE REQUIREMENTS - Hero Grid Images:
  
  Strategy Tile (.hero-img-item-1):
  - Aspect Ratio: 8:3 (800×300px recommended, displays at 300px height)
  - Theme: Strategy artefacts, decision frameworks, governance diagrams, whiteboard sessions
  - Avoid: Generic business handshakes, staged team meetings, cliché "strategy" stock photos
  - Image Processing: brightness(0.92) contrast(0.95) saturate(0.9) - slightly more presence
  
  Design Tile (.hero-img-item-2):
  - Aspect Ratio: 2:1 (400×200px recommended, displays at 200px height)
  - Theme: Design systems, brand identity work, visual identity frameworks, design process documentation
  - Avoid: Generic design software screenshots, stock photo "designer at computer"
  - Image Processing: brightness(0.88) contrast(0.92) saturate(0.85) - reduced to support text
  
  Technology Tile (.hero-img-item-3):
  - Aspect Ratio: 2:1 (400×200px recommended, displays at 200px height)
  - Theme: Systems diagrams, architecture documentation, digital platform interfaces
  - Avoid: Generic code screenshots, staged "developer" scenes, cliché tech stock photography
  - Image Processing: brightness(0.88) contrast(0.92) saturate(0.85) - reduced to support text
  
  All images will have:
  - Subtle brand color gradient overlay (teal to blue) applied via ::before pseudo-element
  - object-fit: cover to maintain aspect ratio while filling container
  - Hover effects: slight scale (1.08) and brightness increase
  - Reduced contrast/saturation to ensure images support headline, not compete
*/
.hero-img-item {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 16px;
  transition: all 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.1);
  background: var(--bg-dark);
}

.hero-img-item-1 {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  height: 300px; /* Slightly increased to prioritize top image visually */
  box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15); /* Enhanced shadow for stronger contrast */
}

.hero-img-item-2,
.hero-img-item-3 {
  height: 200px;
}

.hero-img-item img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--duration-slower) var(--ease-standard);
  /* Reduced contrast to support headline hierarchy */
  filter: brightness(0.88) contrast(0.92) saturate(0.85);
}

/* Prioritize top image with slightly more presence, but still supporting text */
.hero-img-item-1 img {
  filter: brightness(0.92) contrast(0.95) saturate(0.9);
}

.hero-img-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  /* Subtle brand color gradient overlay - supports imagery without competing */
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, 
    rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.12) 0%, 
    rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.18) 50%,
    rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.4) 100%
  );
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  padding: 24px;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
  z-index: 2; /* Above the permanent gradient overlay */
  border-radius: 16px; /* Match parent border radius */
}

/* Permanent subtle gradient overlay on hero images - always visible to support text hierarchy */
.hero-img-item::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  /* Very subtle brand color gradient - ensures images support, not compete */
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, 
    rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.08) 0%, 
    rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.12) 100%
  );
  z-index: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 1;
  border-radius: 16px; /* Match parent border radius */
}

.hero-img-label {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.9);
  border-radius: 6px;
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.hero-img-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-12px);
  box-shadow: 0 20px 48px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.25);
}

.hero-img-item:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.08);
  /* Slight brightness increase on hover, but still restrained to support text */
  filter: brightness(0.95) contrast(0.95) saturate(0.9);
}

.hero-img-item:hover .hero-img-overlay {
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Hero Cards - REMOVED: Floating hero cards removed for simplified hero with single visual system (hero-image-grid) */
/* All related styles (.hero-card, .hero-card-1, .hero-card-2, .hero-card-3, .card-icon, .card-text) are no longer needed */

/* SECTIONS - International Standard Spacing System (8px base unit) */
/* ============================================
   SECTION RHYTHM - Refined spacing for intentional hierarchy
   ============================================ */

/* ============================================
   SECTION SPACING - Consistent Vertical Rhythm
   Desktop: 72px, Tablet: 56px, Mobile: 40px
   ============================================ */
.section { 
  padding: 40px 0; /* Mobile: 5 × 8px - compact, confident */
}

@media (min-width: 769px) {
  .section {
    padding: 56px 0; /* Tablet: 7 × 8px - balanced spacing */
  }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .section {
    padding: 72px 0; /* Desktop: 9 × 8px - professional rhythm */
  }
}

.section-alt {
  background: var(--bg-light);
}

.section-dark {
  background: var(--bg-dark);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.section-medium {
  background: var(--color-secondary);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

/* POSITIONING - Industry Standard Design */
.section-positioning {
  background: var(--bg-light);
  padding: 40px 0; /* Mobile */
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}

@media (min-width: 769px) {
  .section-positioning {
    padding: 56px 0; /* Tablet */
  }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .section-positioning {
    padding: 72px 0; /* Desktop - consistent with other sections */
  }
}

/* Parallax Background */
.positioning-parallax-bg {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  z-index: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.positioning-parallax-bg .parallax-bg-layer {
  position: absolute;
  top: -20%;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 140%;
  will-change: transform;
  transform: translateZ(0);
}

.positioning-parallax-bg .parallax-bg-layer-1 {
  z-index: 0;
  opacity: 0.12;
}

.positioning-parallax-bg .parallax-bg-layer-2 {
  z-index: 0;
  opacity: 0.08;
  top: -30%;
  height: 160%;
}

.positioning-parallax-bg .parallax-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: grayscale(40%) blur(2px);
  transform: scale(1.1);
  backface-visibility: hidden;
}

.positioning-parallax-bg .parallax-overlay-gradient {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(
    180deg,
    rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.95) 0%,
    rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.92) 50%,
    rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.95) 100%
  );
  z-index: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Section Header */
.positioning-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 10px 24px;
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
  border-radius: 30px;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.positioning-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 5vw, 56px);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  /* Refined line-height: tighter for section headers creates more authority */
  line-height: 1.1;
  /* Subtle negative letter-spacing maintains elegance in large section headers */
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  /* Increased spacing creates clear section header distinction */
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.positioning-title .text-accent {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
}

.positioning-title .text-accent::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 8px;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-accent), transparent);
  opacity: 0.3;
}

/* ============================================
   CARD UTILITY CLASSES
   Shared patterns for card components to reduce duplication
   ============================================ */

/* Card Surface Base - Common surface styling */
.card-surface-base {
  background: var(--card-surface-bg);
  border: var(--card-surface-border);
  border-radius: var(--card-surface-radius);
  box-shadow: var(--card-surface-shadow);
}

/* Card Hover Elevation - Standard lift effect */
.card-hover-elevate:hover {
  transform: var(--card-hover-translate);
  box-shadow: var(--card-hover-shadow);
}

/* Card Hover Accent - Border emphasis on hover */
.card-hover-accent:hover {
  border-color: var(--card-hover-border);
}

/* ============================================
   IMAGE STYLING SYSTEM - Premium consulting brand
   Reusable classes for consistent image presentation
   ============================================ */

/* Base Image Frame - Subtle, professional styling */
.image-frame {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: var(--image-frame-radius);
  box-shadow: var(--image-frame-shadow);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  background: var(--surface-base);
}

/* Image Frame with Gradient Overlay - Optional brand color treatment */
.image-frame::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: var(--image-overlay-gradient-subtle);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* Enable gradient overlay with modifier class */
.image-frame.image-frame-overlay::after {
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Hover state for image frame */
.image-frame:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--image-frame-shadow-hover);
}

.image-frame:hover::after {
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Image Frame Content - Ensures images fill container properly */
.image-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  transition: transform var(--duration-slower) var(--ease-standard);
}

.image-frame:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* Image Muted Variant - For placeholders (reduced contrast, desaturated) */
.image-muted {
  filter: var(--image-muted-filter);
  opacity: var(--image-muted-opacity);
  transition: filter var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              opacity var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

/* Image Muted Hover - Slight enhancement on interaction */
.image-muted:hover {
  filter: grayscale(40%) contrast(0.9) brightness(0.98);
  opacity: 0.85;
}

/* Image Frame in Text Context - Further reduced presence when near text */
.image-frame.image-frame-subtle {
  opacity: 0.9;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.image-frame.image-frame-subtle::after {
  background: var(--image-overlay-gradient-subtle);
  opacity: 0.6;
}

/* Ensure images never overpower text - Applied to all image frames */
.image-frame {
  /* Maximum opacity ensures images remain supportive, not dominant */
  mix-blend-mode: normal;
}

/* Positioning Cards */
.positioning-card {
  /* Surface role: Elevated card with improved separation from background */
  /* Utility classes applied: card-surface-base, card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  padding: 40px;
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  /* Surface base styles applied via utility class */
  background: var(--surface-elevated);
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
}

.positioning-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);  /* Reduced from -12px for consulting-grade restraint */
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover);
  border-color: var(--accent-base);       /* Accent border on hover for emphasis */
}

.positioning-card-header {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.positioning-icon-wrapper {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-accent), var(--color-secondary));
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.positioning-card:hover .positioning-icon-wrapper {
  transform: scale(1.03) rotate(8deg);  /* Reduced from 1.15 for subtle, confident interaction */
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4);
}

.positioning-card-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.positioning-card-text {
  font-size: 16px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm for card text */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability in card descriptions */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.positioning-card-features {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 20px;
  padding-top: 20px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);
}

.positioning-feature-item {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-weight: 500;
  padding-left: 20px;
  position: relative;
  transition: color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.positioning-feature-item::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent-base);
  opacity: 0.6;
  transition: opacity var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard), transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.positioning-card:hover .positioning-feature-item {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.positioning-card:hover .positioning-feature-item::before {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.2);
}

.positioning-image-wrapper {
  margin-top: auto;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.1);
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.positioning-card:hover .positioning-image-wrapper {
  transform: scale(1.02);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15);
}

.positioning-image-wrapper img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.positioning-card:hover .positioning-image-wrapper img {
  transform: scale(1.02);  /* Reduced from 1.05 for restrained hover feedback */
}

/* Key Principles */
.positioning-principle {
  /* Surface role: Subtle surface for secondary cards */
  background: var(--surface-base);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 32px;
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);  /* Refined border */
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
  height: 100%;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.positioning-principle:hover {
  background: var(--surface-elevated);  /* More opaque on hover */
  border-color: var(--accent-base);      /* Accent border for emphasis */
  transform: translateY(-3px);  /* Reduced from -8px for consulting-grade restraint */
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover-alt);
}

.principle-number {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 48px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent-base);
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  opacity: 0.25;
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.positioning-principle:hover .principle-number {
  opacity: 0.35;
  transform: scale(1.02);  /* Reduced from 1.05 for restrained hover feedback */
}

.principle-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.principle-description {
  font-size: 15px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm for smaller text */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability in smaller descriptions */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Bottom Statement */
.positioning-statement {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-secondary), var(--bg-dark));
  border-radius: 20px;
  padding: 48px;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.positioning-statement::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: -50%;
  right: -50%;
  width: 200%;
  height: 200%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2) 0%, transparent 70%);
  /* Animation removed: continuous pulse animation neutralized for calm idle state */
}

.statement-text {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* SERVICES - Industry Standard Design */
.section-services {
  background: var(--bg-light);
  position: relative;
}

/* Service Card */
.service-card {
  /* Surface role: Clean white card with refined separation */
  /* Utility classes applied: card-surface-base, card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 0;
  /* Standardized transition */
  transition: transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-decelerate),
              box-shadow var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard),
              border-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  will-change: transform, box-shadow;
  /* Surface base styles applied via utility class */
  background: var(--surface-base);
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.service-image {
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.service-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
  filter: brightness(0.9);
}

.service-card:hover .service-image img {
  transform: scale(1.02);  /* Reduced from 1.1 for consulting-grade restraint */
  filter: brightness(1);
}

.service-card-content {
  padding: 36px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  background: var(--surface-base);  /* Consistent surface color */
  border-radius: 0 0 16px 16px;
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.service-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-accent), var(--color-secondary));
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.service-card:hover {
  /* Hover effects handled by utility classes: card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover-alt);
  border-color: var(--accent-base);
}

.service-card:hover::before {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

/* Service Icon */
.service-icon {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.12), rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.08));
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: var(--accent-base);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1);
}

.service-card:hover .service-icon {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-base), var(--color-secondary));
  color: white;
  transform: scale(1.03) rotate(8deg);  /* Reduced from 1.15 for restrained, confident interaction */
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
  transition: transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-decelerate),
              background var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

/* Service Title */
.service-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

/* Service Description */
.service-description {
  font-size: 16px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

/* Service Features List */
.service-features {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0 0 auto 0;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.service-features li {
  padding: 10px 0;
  padding-left: 28px;
  position: relative;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  transition: color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.service-features li::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 16px;
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  background: var(--color-accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transform: scale(0);
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.service-card:hover .service-features li::before {
  transform: scale(1);
}

.service-card:hover .service-features li {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  padding-left: 32px;
}

/* Service Link - Enhanced micro-interaction */
.service-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  position: relative;
  /* Standardized transitions */
  transition: color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              gap var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  /* Prevent layout shift */
  will-change: gap;
}

.service-link svg {
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate);
  flex-shrink: 0; /* Prevent icon from shrinking */
}

.service-link:hover {
  color: var(--color-secondary);
  gap: 12px;
}

.service-link:hover svg {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* Underline animation - Smooth reveal */
.service-link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -4px;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-accent), var(--color-secondary));
  transition: width var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  border-radius: 1px;
}

.service-link:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

/* Focus state for accessibility */
.service-link:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
  outline-offset: 4px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

/* Service Badge */
.section-services .badge {
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 12px;
}

/* Service CTA Box */
.service-cta-box {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--bg-dark) 0%, var(--color-secondary) 100%);
  border-radius: 20px;
  padding: 56px 40px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-top: 48px;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 48px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.2), 0 4px 16px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.1);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.service-cta-box:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 56px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.25), 0 8px 24px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15);
}


.service-cta-box h4 {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 28px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.service-cta-box p {
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  font-size: 18px;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}

/* Ensure button is visible and properly styled in CTA box */
.service-cta-box .btn-primary {
  /* Explicit styling to ensure visibility on dark background */
  background-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
  border-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
  color: var(--text-on-dark) !important;
  /* Ensure button is above any background elements */
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  /* Visibility handled by global .btn-primary safeguard */
}

/* General safeguard: Ensure all primary buttons are visible */
.btn-primary,
.btn.btn-primary {
  /* Force visibility - prevents any accidental hiding */
  display: inline-block !important;
  visibility: visible !important;
  opacity: 1 !important;
}

/* Responsive Design for Case Studies */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .casestudy-image-wrapper {
    height: 240px;
  }
  
  .casestudy-content-modern {
    padding: 24px;
  }
  
  .stat-card-modern {
    padding: 32px 24px;
  }
  
  .stat-value {
    font-size: 36px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .casestudy-image-wrapper {
    height: 200px;
  }
  
  .casestudy-title {
    font-size: 20px;
  }
  
  .stat-card-modern {
    padding: 28px 20px;
  }
  
  .stat-icon {
    width: 56px;
    height: 56px;
  }
  
  .stat-value {
    font-size: 32px;
  }
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .service-card {
    padding: 32px 24px;
  }
  
  .service-description {
    min-height: auto;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .service-card {
    padding: 28px 20px;
  }
  
  .service-icon {
    width: 56px;
    height: 56px;
  }
  
  .service-title {
    font-size: 22px;
  }
  
  .service-cta-box {
    padding: 40px 24px;
  }
  
  .service-cta-box h4 {
    font-size: 24px;
  }
}

/* EXPERIENCE */
.section-experience { 
  background: var(--bg-light);
}

.experience-header {
  max-width: 800px;
  padding: 48px; /* 6 × 8px */
  border: 2px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: white;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08);
}

.experience-header h2 {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.experience-intro {
  font-size: 18px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability in intro text */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.experience-facts {
  margin-top: 64px; /* 8 × 8px */
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
  gap: 32px; /* 4 × 8px */
}

/* Modern Stat Cards */
.stat-card-modern {
  /* Surface role: Clean card with refined separation */
  /* Utility classes applied: card-surface-base, card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  padding: 40px 32px;
  text-align: center;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  /* Surface base styles applied via utility class */
  background: var(--surface-base);
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.stat-card-modern::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-accent), var(--color-secondary));
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.stat-card-modern:hover {
  /* Hover effects handled by utility classes: card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover);
  border-color: var(--accent-base);
}

.stat-card-modern:hover::before {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.stat-icon {
  width: 64px;
  height: 64px;
  /* Accent background using semantic variables */
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-bg-light), var(--accent-bg-subtle));
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin: 0 auto 24px;
  color: var(--accent-base);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.stat-card-modern:hover .stat-icon {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-base), var(--color-secondary));
  color: white;
  transform: scale(1.02) rotate(5deg);  /* Reduced from 1.1 for subtle, confident interaction */
}

.stat-value {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 42px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  line-height: 1;
}

.stat-label {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  text-transform: capitalize;
}

.stat-description {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* LOGOS */
/* Client Logos Section */
.clients-section-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  /* Refined line-height: consistent with H3 hierarchy */
  line-height: 1.28;
  /* Subtle negative letter-spacing maintains elegance */
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
  /* Increased spacing creates clear separation from subtitle */
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.clients-section-subtitle {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* Refined line-height: 1.6 provides good rhythm for subtitles */
  line-height: 1.6;
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.clients-logo-section {
  position: relative;
  margin-top: 0; /* Spacing handled by heading row above */
  padding: 40px 0; /* Mobile - consistent with section spacing */
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.5) 0%, rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.3) 100%);
  border-radius: 16px;
}

@media (min-width: 769px) {
  .clients-logo-section {
    padding: 48px 0; /* Tablet */
  }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .clients-logo-section {
    padding: 56px 0; /* Desktop - slightly tighter than main sections */
  }
}

.logo-fade-left,
.logo-fade-right {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  width: 200px;
  height: 100%;
  z-index: 2;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.logo-fade-left {
  left: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--bg-light), transparent);
}

.logo-fade-right {
  right: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(to left, var(--bg-light), transparent);
}

.logo-band {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.logo-track {
  display: flex;
  gap: 80px;
  align-items: center;
  animation: scrollLogos 50s linear infinite;
  will-change: transform;
  transform: translateZ(0);
  padding: 20px 0;
}

.logo-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 20px 30px;
  background: white;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.08);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  min-width: 140px;
  height: 80px;
}

.logo-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-8px) scale(1.05);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15);
  background: var(--bg-light);
}

.logo-item img {
  height: 50px;
  width: auto;
  max-width: 120px;
  object-fit: contain;
  opacity: 0.6;
  filter: grayscale(100%);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.logo-item:hover img {
  opacity: 1;
  filter: grayscale(0%);
  transform: scale(1.1);
}

.logo-track:hover {
  animation-play-state: paused;
}

@keyframes scrollLogos {
  from { 
    transform: translateX(0); 
  }
  to { 
    transform: translateX(calc(-50% - 40px)); 
  }
}

/* Pause animation on hover for better UX */
.logo-band:hover .logo-track {
  animation-play-state: paused;
}

/* PROCESS SECTION - Professional Design */
.section-process { 
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--bg-light) 0%, rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.5) 100%);
  padding: 140px 0;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.section-process::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-image: 
    radial-gradient(circle at 20% 20%, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.03) 0%, transparent 50%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 80% 80%, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.03) 0%, transparent 50%);
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 0;
}

.section-process .container {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* ============================================
   SECTION TITLE HIERARCHY
   Consistent visual hierarchy for editorial, consulting-grade typography
   ============================================ */

/* Section Eyebrow - Small label above main title */
.section-eyebrow {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 8px 20px;
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.25);
  border-radius: 20px;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  /* Editorial restraint: subtle, not prominent */
}

/* Section Eyebrow on Dark Background */
.section-eyebrow-dark {
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);
  border-color: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

/* Primary Section Title - Main heading */
.section-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 4.5vw, 48px);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  line-height: 1.12;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  margin-top: 0;
  /* Editorial: tight line-height for authority, subtle negative letter-spacing for elegance */
}

/* Section Title on Dark Background */
.section-title-dark {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

/* Section Subtitle - Descriptive paragraph below title */
.section-subtitle {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  max-width: 700px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  /* Editorial: generous line-height for readability, restrained color */
}

/* Section Subtitle on Dark Background */
.section-subtitle-dark {
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
}

/* Legacy support - maintain existing process styles */
.process-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 10px 24px;
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
  border-radius: 30px;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.process-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 4.5vw, 48px);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  /* Refined line-height: tighter for section headers */
  line-height: 1.12;
  /* Subtle negative letter-spacing for section header elegance */
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  /* Increased spacing creates intentional section header distinction */
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

/* Process Steps - Modern Design */
.process-step-modern {
  /* Surface role: Overlay surface with glass effect */
  /* Utility classes applied: card-surface-base, card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  padding: 40px 32px;
  height: 100%;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  /* Surface base styles applied via utility class */
  background: var(--surface-base);
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.process-step-modern::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 4px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-accent), var(--color-secondary));
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.process-step-modern:hover {
  /* Hover effects handled by utility classes: card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover);
  border-color: var(--accent-base);
}

/* Define phase: Enhanced visual emphasis to signal strategy as core differentiator */
.process-step-define {
  border-width: 2px !important;
  border-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.12) !important;
}

.process-step-define:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2) !important;
  border-color: var(--accent-base) !important;
}

.process-step-modern:hover::before {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.process-number {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 72px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  line-height: 1;
  opacity: 0.15;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.process-step-modern:hover .process-number {
  opacity: 0.25;
  transform: scale(1.02);  /* Reduced from 1.05 for restrained hover feedback */
}

.process-icon-wrapper {
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-accent), var(--color-secondary));
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.process-step-modern:hover .process-icon-wrapper {
  transform: scale(1.02) rotate(5deg);  /* Reduced from 1.1 for subtle, confident interaction */
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
}

.process-step-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.process-step-description {
  font-size: 15px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.process-step-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.process-step-list li {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  padding: 8px 0;
  padding-left: 24px;
  position: relative;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.process-step-list li::before {
  content: '→';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.process-step-modern:hover .process-step-list li::before {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* Process Philosophy */
.process-philosophy {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-secondary), var(--bg-dark));
  border-radius: 24px;
  padding: 48px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.process-philosophy::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: -50%;
  right: -50%;
  width: 200%;
  height: 200%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.15) 0%, transparent 70%);
  /* Animation removed: continuous pulse animation neutralized for calm idle state */
}

.philosophy-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.philosophy-text {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.process-philosophy .btn-primary {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.process span:hover {
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.15);
  border-color: var(--color-accent);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.process-note {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  max-width: 800px;
}

/* CASE STUDIES */
/* CASE STUDIES - Parallax Background */
.section-casestudies {
  background: var(--bg-light);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 120px 0;
  min-height: 800px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.section-casestudies h2,
.section-casestudies .lead,
.section-casestudies .text-muted {
  color: var(--text-on-dark) !important;
}

.section-casestudies .badge {
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2) !important;
  color: var(--text-on-dark) !important;
  border: 1px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4);
}

.section-casestudies .text-muted {
  color: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.85) !important;
}

.section-casestudies .btn-outline-primary {
  border-color: var(--text-on-dark);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.section-casestudies .btn-outline-primary:hover {
  background: var(--text-on-dark);
  color: var(--bg-dark);
  border-color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

/* Parallax Background Container */
.casestudies-parallax-bg {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  z-index: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.parallax-bg-layer {
  position: absolute;
  top: -10%;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 120%;
  will-change: transform;
  transform: translateZ(0);
  backface-visibility: hidden;
}

.parallax-bg-layer-1 {
  z-index: 0;
  opacity: 0.6;
}

.parallax-bg-layer-2 {
  z-index: 0;
  opacity: 0.4;
  top: -20%;
  height: 140%;
}

.parallax-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  filter: grayscale(40%) brightness(0.9) contrast(1.05);
  transform: scale(1.2);
  display: block;
  min-height: 100%;
}

.parallax-overlay-gradient {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: 
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.65) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55) 50%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.65) 100%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.12) 0%, transparent 70%);
  z-index: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
  mix-blend-mode: normal;
}

.casestudies-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
  gap: 32px; /* 4 × 8px */
  margin-top: 40px; /* 5 × 8px */
}

.casestudy-card {
  background: white;
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.casestudy-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);  /* Reduced from -8px for consulting-grade restraint */
  box-shadow: 0 12px 40px rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.15);
  border-color: var(--color-accent);
}

/* Modern Case Study Cards */
.casestudy-card-modern {
  /* Surface role: Clean card with refined separation */
  /* Utility classes applied: card-surface-base, card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  border-radius: 20px;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  /* Surface base styles applied via utility class */
  background: var(--surface-base);
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  transition: all var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.casestudy-card-modern:hover {
  /* Hover effects handled by utility classes: card-hover-elevate, card-hover-accent */
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover);
  border-color: var(--accent-base);
}

/* Engagement card media area - background images applied here, not parent card */
.casestudy-image-wrapper,
.engagement-card-media {
  width: 100%;
  height: 240px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  border-radius: 20px 20px 0 0; /* Preserve border-radius on top corners */
}

/* Sector-specific background images with muted, editorial aesthetic */
/* 
  PRODUCTION IMAGE REQUIREMENTS - Engagement Background Images:
  - Aspect Ratio: 2:1 (800×400px recommended, displays at 240px height)
  - Images are muted with subtle gradient overlays for text legibility
  - Manufacturing: Industrial structures, production environments, engineered forms (no people)
  - Economic Development: Urban infrastructure, city planning, geographic context
  - Academia: Campus architecture, libraries, learning environments
  - Single background-image stack: gradient overlay + SVG placeholder
  - Paths relative to styles.css in root: Assets/placeholders/engagements/
*/
/* Engagement card background images - applied to media wrapper */
.casestudy-image-wrapper[data-sector="manufacturing"],
.engagement-card-media[data-sector="manufacturing"] {
  background-image: 
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.4) 0%, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.3) 100%),
    url(assets/placeholders/engagements/manufacturing.svg);
  background-size: cover !important;
  background-position: center !important;
  background-repeat: no-repeat !important;
}

.casestudy-image-wrapper[data-sector="economic-development"],
.engagement-card-media[data-sector="economic-development"] {
  background-image: 
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.35) 0%, rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.25) 100%),
    url(assets/placeholders/engagements/economic-development.svg);
  background-size: cover !important;
  background-position: center !important;
  background-repeat: no-repeat !important;
}

.casestudy-image-wrapper[data-sector="academia"],
.engagement-card-media[data-sector="academia"] {
  background-image: 
    linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.45) 0%, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.35) 100%),
    url(assets/placeholders/engagements/academia.svg);
  background-size: cover !important;
  background-position: center !important;
  background-repeat: no-repeat !important;
}

.casestudy-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform var(--duration-slower) var(--ease-standard);
}

.casestudy-card-modern:hover .casestudy-img {
  transform: scale(1.03);  /* Reduced from 1.2 for restrained, confident interaction */
  filter: brightness(1.05);
}

.casestudy-overlay-modern {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(6, 30, 41, 0) 0%, rgba(6, 30, 41, 0.7) 100%);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 24px;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity var(--duration-slow) var(--ease-standard);
}

.casestudy-card-modern:hover .casestudy-overlay-modern {
  opacity: 1;
}

.casestudy-badge {
  background: var(--color-accent);
  color: white;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  align-self: flex-start;
}

.casestudy-metrics {
  align-self: flex-end;
}

.metric-item {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  padding: 12px 20px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  text-align: center;
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.metric-value {
  display: block;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  line-height: 1;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.metric-label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.casestudy-content-modern {
  padding: 32px;
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.casestudy-category {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.casestudy-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.casestudy-description {
  font-size: 15px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.casestudy-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.casestudy-tags .tag {
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.12);
  color: var(--accent-base);
  padding: 6px 14px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  border: 1px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.casestudy-card-modern:hover .casestudy-tags .tag {
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.18);
  border-color: var(--accent-base);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.casestudy-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--accent-base);  /* Use semantic accent variable */
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 15px;
  position: relative;
  /* Standardized transitions */
  transition: color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              gap var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  will-change: gap;
}

.casestudy-link:hover {
  color: var(--color-secondary);  /* Secondary color on hover for hierarchy */
  gap: 12px;
}

.casestudy-link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -4px;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-base), var(--color-secondary));
  transition: width var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  border-radius: 1px;
}

.casestudy-link:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

.casestudy-link svg {
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.casestudy-link:hover svg {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* Subtle underline on hover */
.casestudy-link::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -2px;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--color-accent), var(--color-secondary));
  transition: width var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  border-radius: 1px;
}

.casestudy-link:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

.casestudy-link:focus-visible {
  outline: var(--focus-ring-width) solid var(--focus-ring);  /* Use focus role */
  outline-offset: var(--focus-ring-offset);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.casestudy-image::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  background: url('data:image/svg+xml,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 400 300"><rect fill="%23ffffff" opacity="0.1" width="400" height="300"/><path d="M0 150 Q100 100 200 150 T400 150" stroke="%23ffffff" stroke-width="2" fill="none" opacity="0.2"/></svg>');
  opacity: 0.3;
}

.casestudy-content {
  padding: 32px; /* 4 × 8px */
}

.casestudy-content h3 {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-size: 24px;
}

.casestudy-content p {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.casestudy-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1);
  color: var(--color-accent);
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

/* TESTIMONIALS */
.section-testimonials {
  background: var(--bg-dark);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.testimonials-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 32px; /* 4 × 8px */
  margin-top: 40px; /* 5 × 8px */
}

.testimonial-card {
  /* Surface role: Subtle surface on dark background */
  background: var(--surface-on-dark);
  padding: 32px; /* 4 × 8px */
  border-radius: 8px;
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border-light);  /* Refined border on dark */
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  will-change: transform;
}

.testimonial-card:hover {
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.12);  /* Slightly more opaque on hover */
  border-color: var(--accent-base);       /* Accent border for emphasis */
  transform: translateY(-2px);  /* Reduced from -4px for subtle, consulting-grade interaction */
}

/* Modern testimonial card grid layout */
.testimonial-card-modern {
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.testimonial-card-modern:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  border-color: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4);
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.12);
}

/* Horizontal Scroll Testimonials - Simple, Minimal, Scalable */
.testimonials-scroll-container {
  width: 100%;
  overflow-x: auto;
  overflow-y: hidden;
  padding: 20px 0 40px;
  margin: 0 -15px;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
  scrollbar-color: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3) transparent;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

.testimonials-scroll-container::-webkit-scrollbar {
  height: 6px;
}

.testimonials-scroll-container::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: transparent;
}

.testimonials-scroll-container::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
  border-radius: 3px;
}

.testimonials-scroll-container::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.5);
}

.testimonials-scroll-track {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
  padding: 0 35px 0 20px;
  width: max-content;
}

.testimonial-card-scroll {
  background: var(--surface-on-dark);
  padding: 24px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  min-width: 320px;
  max-width: 380px;
  width: 100%;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.testimonial-card-scroll:hover {
  border-color: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.testimonial-quote-scroll {
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin: 0 0 20px 0;
  font-weight: 400;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.testimonial-author-scroll {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.testimonial-avatar-scroll {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-accent) 0%, var(--color-secondary) 100%);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 14px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.testimonial-info-scroll {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.testimonial-name-scroll {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 2px 0;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.testimonial-role-scroll {
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  font-size: 12px;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.4;
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.testimonial-quote {
  font-size: 18px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm for quotes */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);  /* Use semantic text role */
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability in italic quotes */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  font-style: italic;
}

.testimonial-author {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
}

.testimonial-avatar {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-accent) 0%, var(--color-secondary) 100%);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 20px;
}

.testimonial-info h4 {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.testimonial-info p {
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  font-size: 14px;
  margin: 0;
}

/* CONTACT FORM */
.contact-form {
  /* Surface role: Elevated form surface with clear separation */
  background: var(--surface-base);
  padding: 48px; /* 6 × 8px */
  border-radius: 8px;
  border: 1px solid var(--quiet-border);  /* Refined border */
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-elevated);  /* Card shadow for separation */
  margin-top: 40px; /* 5 × 8px */
}

.form-group {
  margin-bottom: 24px; /* 3 × 8px */
}

.form-group label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea,
.form-group select {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  border: 2px solid var(--quiet-border);  /* Refined border for subtle definition */
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background: var(--surface-base);  /* White background for inputs */
  /* Standardized transitions */
  transition: border-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              outline var(--duration-fast) var(--ease-standard),
              background-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  /* Prevent layout shift */
  will-change: border-color, box-shadow;
}

/* Enhanced focus state - Clear visual feedback using focus role */
.form-group input:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus,
.form-group select:focus {
  outline: 2px solid transparent; /* Remove default */
  outline-offset: var(--focus-ring-offset);
  border-color: var(--accent-focus);  /* Slightly lighter accent for focus visibility */
  /* Layered shadow for depth and focus ring */
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-width) var(--focus-ring),
              var(--shadow-sm);
}

/* Invalid state - Clear error indication using state role */
.form-group input:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown),
.form-group textarea:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown),
.form-group select:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown) {
  border-color: var(--state-error);  /* Use semantic error color */
  background-color: var(--state-error-bg);  /* Subtle error background */
}

.form-group input:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown):focus,
.form-group textarea:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown):focus,
.form-group select:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown):focus {
  /* Focus ring with error color for accessibility */
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-width) rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.3),
              var(--shadow-sm);
  border-color: var(--state-error);
}

/* Valid state - Success indication */
.form-group input:valid:not(:placeholder-shown):not(:focus),
.form-group textarea:valid:not(:placeholder-shown):not(:focus),
.form-group select:valid:not(:placeholder-shown):not(:focus) {
  border-color: var(--state-success);
  background-color: var(--state-success-bg);
}

.form-group textarea {
  min-height: 140px;
  resize: vertical;
}

.form-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 24px; /* 3 × 8px */
}

/* CTA */
/* FINAL CTA - Enhanced Design */
.final-cta {
  /* Tighter CTA spacing - compact and confident */
  padding: 40px 0; /* Mobile */
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--bg-dark) 0%, var(--color-secondary) 100%);
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

@media (min-width: 769px) {
  .final-cta {
    padding: 56px 0; /* Tablet */
  }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .final-cta {
    padding: 64px 0; /* Desktop - slightly tighter than main sections */
  }
}

.cta-background-pattern {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-image: 
    radial-gradient(circle at 20% 30%, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.15) 0%, transparent 50%),
    radial-gradient(circle at 80% 70%, rgba(29, 84, 109, 0.2) 0%, transparent 50%),
    repeating-linear-gradient(
      45deg,
      transparent,
      transparent 100px,
      rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.03) 100px,
      rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.03) 200px
    );
  z-index: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.cta-content-wrapper {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  padding: 0 20px;
}

.cta-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 10px 24px;
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);
  border: 1px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4);
  border-radius: 30px;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
}

.cta-title {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 5vw, 56px);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  /* Refined line-height: tighter for CTA impact */
  line-height: 1.1;
  /* Subtle negative letter-spacing maintains elegance */
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  /* Increased spacing creates intentional CTA header distinction */
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.cta-description {
  font-size: 20px;
  /* Refined line-height: 1.75 provides optimal reading rhythm for CTA description */
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-muted-light);
  /* Subtle letter-spacing improves readability in larger descriptive text */
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  /* Increased spacing creates clear separation from CTA buttons */
  margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.cta-features {
  margin-top: 48px;
}

.cta-feature-item {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 24px;
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.05);
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.1);
  /* Standardized transitions */
  transition: background-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              border-color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard),
              transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate);
  will-change: transform;
}

.cta-feature-item:hover {
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.1);
  border-color: var(--color-accent);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.cta-feature-icon {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  background: var(--color-accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.cta-feature-text {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.cta-buttons {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.cta-primary-btn {
  padding: 18px 40px;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 600;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-accent);
  /* Standardized transitions */
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate),
              box-shadow var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  will-change: transform, box-shadow;
}

.cta-primary-btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.4);
}

.cta-primary-btn svg {
  transition: transform var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-decelerate);
}

.cta-primary-btn:hover svg {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* Secondary text link for credibility evaluation - subtle, non-intrusive */
.text-link-secondary {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.3);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.text-link-secondary:hover {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  border-bottom-color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.btn-outline-light {
  border-color: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.3);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  padding: 18px 40px;
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.btn-outline-light:hover {
  background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.1);
  border-color: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.5);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

/* Positioning Section Responsive */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .section-positioning {
    padding: 100px 0;
  }

  .positioning-card {
    padding: 32px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .positioning-card-title {
    font-size: 24px;
  }

  .positioning-image-wrapper img {
    height: 180px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .section-positioning {
    padding: 40px 0; /* Consistent with base section spacing */
  }

  .positioning-title {
    font-size: 32px;
  }

  .positioning-card {
    padding: 24px;
  }

  .positioning-icon-wrapper {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
  }

  .positioning-card-title {
    font-size: 20px;
  }

  .positioning-card-text {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .positioning-image-wrapper img {
    height: 160px;
  }

  .positioning-principle {
    padding: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }

  .principle-number {
    font-size: 36px;
  }

  .principle-title {
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .principle-description {
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .positioning-statement {
    padding: 32px 24px;
  }

  .statement-text {
    font-size: 20px;
  }

  /* Process Section Responsive */
  .process-step-modern {
    padding: 32px 24px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .process-number {
    font-size: 56px;
  }

  .process-icon-wrapper {
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
  }

  .process-step-title {
    font-size: 20px;
  }

  .process-step-description {
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .process-philosophy {
    padding: 32px 24px;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .philosophy-title {
    font-size: 24px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
  }

  .philosophy-text {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .process-philosophy .btn-primary {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-img-item-1 {
    height: 240px; /* Proportionally increased to maintain visual priority */
  }

  .hero-img-item-2,
  .hero-img-item-3 {
    height: 160px;
  }

  .final-cta {
    padding: 40px 0;
  }

  .cta-title {
    font-size: 32px;
  }

  .cta-description {
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .text-link-secondary {
    display: block;
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 16px;
  }

  .cta-buttons {
    flex-direction: column;
    width: 100%;
  }

  .cta-primary-btn,
  .btn-outline-light {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .btn-outline-light {
    margin-left: 0 !important;
    margin-top: 12px;
  }

  .cta-feature-item {
    padding: 20px;
  }
}

/* FOOTER */
.site-footer {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--bg-dark) 0%, #051218 100%);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  padding: 64px 0 28px;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.site-footer::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, var(--color-accent), transparent);
}

.footer-divider {
  height: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.3), transparent);
  margin-bottom: 48px;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.footer-brand {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.footer-wordmark {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 22px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.footer-description {
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  line-height: 1.6;
  font-size: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Social Links */
.footer-social {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.social-link {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.2);
  border-radius: 50%;
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.social-link:hover {
  background: var(--accent-base);
  border-color: var(--accent-base);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(95, 149, 152, 0.35);
}

/* Footer Headings */
.footer-heading {
  font-family: 'Libre Baskerville', serif;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* Footer Links */
.footer-links {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.footer-links li {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.footer-links a {
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 14px;
  transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 0;
}

.footer-links a::before {
  content: '→';
  position: absolute;
  left: -20px;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: all var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  color: var(--color-accent);
}

.footer-links a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-base);
  padding-left: 18px;
}

.footer-links a:hover::before {
  opacity: 1;
  left: 0;
}

/* Footer Contact */
.footer-contact {
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.contact-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.contact-icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  color: var(--accent-base);
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  margin-top: 2px;
  opacity: 0.9;
}

.contact-item a {
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
}

.contact-item a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-base);
}

/* Footer Bottom */
/* Footer Bottom - Aligned Copyright and Legal Links */
.footer-bottom {
  margin-top: 48px;
  padding-top: 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.footer-bottom-content {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 24px;
}

.copyright {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  margin: 0;
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.footer-legal {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.footer-legal-link {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  transition: color var(--duration-normal) var(--ease-standard);
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.footer-legal-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent-base);
  opacity: 1;
}

.footer-separator {
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  font-size: 14px;
  opacity: 0.5;
  line-height: 1;
}

.footer-jurisdiction {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-on-dark-secondary);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-top: 16px;
  text-align: center;
  opacity: 0.7;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

/* ============================================
   REVEAL ANIMATION - Standardized Scroll Reveal
   ============================================ */

.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(24px);
  /* Standardized timing using motion system */
  transition: opacity var(--duration-slower) var(--ease-decelerate),
              transform var(--duration-slower) var(--ease-decelerate);
  /* Performance optimization */
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}

.reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
  /* Reset will-change after animation */
  will-change: auto;
}

/* Accessibility: Respect user's motion preferences */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }

  .hero-shape,
  .logo-track,
  .parallax-shape {
    animation: none !important;
  }

  .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
  }

  .parallax-bg,
  .parallax-shape,
  .parallax-text-1,
  .parallax-text-2,
  .parallax-bg-layer {
    transform: none !important;
  }
}

/* RESPONSIVE */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  /* Parallax Background Mobile */
  .parallax-bg-layer {
    opacity: 0.08 !important;
  }
  
  .parallax-overlay-gradient {
    background: rgba(243, 244, 244, 0.98) !important;
  }

  .header-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
    height: auto;
    padding: 16px 0;
  }

  .nav {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 16px;
  }

  .nav a {
    margin-left: 12px;
    margin-right: 12px;
  }

  .services-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 48px;
  }

  .experience-facts {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .process {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .process span::after {
    display: none;
  }

  .form-row {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  /* Footer Responsive */
  .site-footer {
    padding: 60px 0 24px;
  }

  .footer-divider {
    margin-bottom: 40px;
  }

  .footer-heading {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }

  .footer-wordmark {
    font-size: 20px;
  }

  .footer-description {
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .footer-social {
    gap: 12px;
  }

  .social-link {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
  }

  .footer-bottom {
    margin-top: 40px;
    padding-top: 28px;
  }

  .footer-bottom-content {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    gap: 16px;
  }

  .footer-legal {
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .contact-item {
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .casestudies-grid,
  .testimonials-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  /* Horizontal Scroll Testimonials Responsive */
  .testimonials-scroll-track {
    padding: 0 16px;
    gap: 16px;
  }

  .testimonial-card-scroll {
    min-width: 280px;
    max-width: 320px;
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .testimonial-quote-scroll {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .testimonial-avatar-scroll {
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    font-size: 13px;
  }

  .testimonial-name-scroll {
    font-size: 13px;
  }

  .testimonial-role-scroll {
    font-size: 11px;
  }

  h2 {
    font-size: 32px;
  }

  .section {
    padding: 80px 0;
  }

  /* Client Logos Responsive */
  .clients-logo-section {
    padding: 40px 0;
    margin-top: 32px;
  }

  .logo-fade-left,
  .logo-fade-right {
    width: 60px;
  }

  .logo-track {
    gap: 32px;
  }

  .logo-item {
    min-width: 90px;
    height: 60px;
    padding: 10px 16px;
  }

  .logo-item img {
    height: 32px;
    max-width: 80px;
  }

  .clients-section-title {
    font-size: 22px;
  }

  .clients-section-subtitle {
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  /* Hero Responsive */
  .hero {
    min-height: auto;
    max-height: none;
    padding: 60px 0 40px;
  }

  .hero-wrapper {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 40px;
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .hero-visual {
    height: 300px;
    order: -1;
  }

  /* Hero cards and hero industries removed - no longer needed */

  .hero-shape {
    opacity: 0.5;
  }

  .hero-shape-1,
  .hero-shape-2,
  .hero-shape-3,
  .hero-shape-4,
  .hero-shape-5 {
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .container {
    padding: 0 20px;
  }

  .hero {
    padding: 40px 0 32px;
    max-height: none;
  }

  .hero-title {
    font-size: 28px;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .hero-subhead {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .hero-cta {
    margin-bottom: 12px;
  }

  .hero-micro {
    margin-top: 16px;
    font-size: 12px;
  }

  .hero-micro-features {
    gap: 20px;
  }

  .hero-micro-item {
    font-size: 13px;
  }

  .hero-micro-icon {
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
  }

  .hero-visual {
    height: 250px;
  }

  /* Hero cards removed - no longer needed */

  .hero-shape-1,
  .hero-shape-2,
  .hero-shape-3,
  .hero-shape-4,
  .hero-shape-5 {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
  }

  .contact-form {
    padding: 32px 24px;
  }
}